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Showing posts from September, 2025

Microcontroller Designing-Lets start with Basics...

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Don't know where to start or how to start, so let's start somewhere. I am writing this as a way of documenting what I know about microcontrollers.  My journey with microcontrollers starts with the Arduino board. I would say that I started practically without even knowing a little bit of theory about microcontrollers. It was back then, during my college days around 8 years ago, that I started my journey with Arduino as a way of learning about Internet of Things (IOT). I bought an Arduino and started programming from scratch--> blinking LED, printing on LCD display, playing with seven segment LED, getting sensor's data, activating relays, and more and more. Then I bought a NodeMCU wifi module. The real fun started there. Again, blinking LED, but this time through mobile and using the cloud. It's time to do Iron Man stuff, controlling loads through voice commands using Google IFTTT. Then build a mobile-controlled CAR. I even built an automated Car using Arduino. Maybe I...

Online Board Charger (OBC) Topologies

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I have studied the Online Board Charger topologies being used in the chargers used for charging the electric vehicle. Just wanted to note down the key points that I came across. When we are talking about topologies used in the EV chargers, it's divided into two parts. The first section is the PFC (Power Factor Correction) Circuit, and the second section is the DC-DC Convertor topology. The PFC is further classified into single-phase and three-phase circuits. PFC Topology Single phase Classic boost topology Bridgeless boost topology Interleaved boost topology Totem pole Interleaved Totem pole Neutral point clamped (NPC) Three phase Two level PFC NPC 3 level PFC Vienna T-type DC-DC Convertor Topology LLC resonant convertor Phase shifted full bridge(PSFB) Single phase dual active bridge Dual active bridge in CLLC mode There was a time when I went through each and every Topology and kept everything at my fingertips. I have a good deck of PPT for reference, which has a lot of details ab...